Objectives for the topic: Ground Water

Reading: Chapter 11 in Tarbuck and Lutgens

Images to understand: 11.2, 4, 5, 12, 14, 16, 19, 20, 24, Box 11.1

After completing this topic, the student will be able to:

1. Explain the significance of ground water as an Earth resource.
2. Define (and illustrate ** on a cross-section) the following ground water terms:
   • Zone of aeration**
   • Zone of saturation**
   • Water table**
   • Porosity
   • Permeability
   • Aquifer
   • Aquiclude
3. Distinguish between unconfined and confined aquifers.
4. Define (and illustrate with a cross section) and artesian spring.
5. Define drawdown, and explain its relation to permeability.
6. List the factors that determine the rate of ground water flow (100 meters/day to 0.01 meters/day).
7. Describe the relationship of ground water to caves, sinkholes and karst topography.